What is the relationship of maximum zero fuel weight compared to maximum ramp weight?

Maximum zero fuel weight (MZFW) is a critical limitation in aviation that refers to the maximum weight of the aircraft without any usable fuel. This weight includes the aircraft's structure, passengers, baggage, cargo, and any other items loaded onto the plane. On the other hand, maximum ramp weight (MRW) encompasses the weight of the aircraft, including fuel, passengers, cargo, and other items, at the ramp before takeoff.

MZFW is inherently lower than MRW because the latter includes the weight of fuel, which is necessary for flight. Thus, the correct answer highlights that maximum zero fuel weight is lower than maximum ramp weight, emphasizing the importance of adhering to these weight limitations to maintain aircraft safety and performance during various phases of flight. The other options do not accurately reflect the relationship between the weights.